Poly ethylene glycols (PEGs) are family of water-soluble linear polymers formed by the additional reaction of ethylene oxide (EO) With mono ethylene glycols (MEG) or diethylene glycol.
The generalized formula for polyethylene glycol is: H (OCH2 CH2) n OH
N: Average number of repeating ethylene oxide groups. There are many grades of Poly ethylene
glycols (PEGs) that Represents them by theirs average molecular weight. For example, PEG 400
consists of a distribution of polymers of varying molecular weights with an average of 400, which
corresponds to an approximate average number of repeating EO groups (n) of ≈9. Polyethylene glycols
are available in average molecular weight ranging from 200 to 8000; this wide range of products
provides flexibility in choosing properties to meet the requirements of many different applications.
Nomenclature of these products is different.
• CAS name: ploy ethylene (oxyethylene) glycol.
Chemical abstracts Society
• IUPAC name: poly ethylene Glycol
International Union of Pure & Applied Chemistry
• INCI * Name: PEG -4, PEG-6, PEG-8,
International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient
• CTFA name: PEG-4, PEG-6, PEG-8
Cosmetics, Toiletry & Fragrance Association
Depending on their average molecular weights, the Polyethylene glycols Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) may
be liquid or solid at STD condition.
PEG grades: 200,300,400,600 in liquid form PEG 1000 ,1500 soft solid (white) an PEG2000,3000,4000,
6000, 8000 hard solid (white)
ETETCO Supplies these range of products to meet all applicable requirements in USP/NF for use in drug
industries.
The most important physical property:
Depend on molecular weight the wide range of the physical property such as solubility, hygroscopic,
vapour pressure, melting or freezing point and viscosity are variable:
A: Solubility: Increasing the molecular weight of Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) results in decreasing solubility in water & solvents. PEGs are also soluble in many polar organic solvents such as acetone,
alcohols.
B: Hygroscopic: Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are hygroscopic, it means that they attract and retain
moisture from the atmosphere. Hygroscopic decrease as molecular weight increases.
C: viscosity: Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) can be considered Newtonian fluids, so the kinematic viscosity
of Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) decreases as temperature increases.
D: Stability: Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) have low volatility and are thermally stable for limited period of
time below 300°c and without o 2
Pharmaceuticals: Polyethylene glycol (PEG) grades meet requirements of USP/ NF and BP and are widely use in pharmaceutical formulations. As solvent, water soluble, binder, lubricant, plasticizer and use in ointment base, tablet coating, gelatine capsule, liquid oral medications.
Cosmetics: As the water soluble, odourless, neutral, hygroscopic, lubricant, plasticizer, non-volatile, no irritating properties: The Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are used in wide range of cosmetics and personal care products such as creams, lotions, sticks, cakes, powders, jellies.
Household products: Soaps, detergents, polishes & cleaners are main applicant of poly ethylene glycols, because these products are water soluble & inert, with low volatility and low toxicity.
Ceramics and tile: As the plasticizer, lubricity, binders and carriers’ properties: Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are widely use in ceramic and tile industry.
Adhesives and textile: As the plasticizer, lubricants, softeners, antistatic agents & conditional agents, Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are used in adhesives & textile industry.
Agriculture as water solubility & solubilize for organic insecticides.:
paper, printing and inks as softener, humectants, solvents, lubricants & carriers:
Paints & coating as intermediates for alkyd & polyester resins.:
Liquid Form
Characteristic | Test Method | Unit | PEG 200 | PEG 300 | PEG 400 | PEG 600 |
MOLES OF EO |
–
|
–
|
3EO
|
5EO
|
8EO
|
13EO
|
APPEARANCE | VISUAL | – | COLORLESS | COLORLESS | COLORLESS | COLORLESS |
VISCOSOTY 40°C | ASTM D – 445 | CSt | 21-25 | 31-35 | 40-45 | 60-66 |
PH | ASTM D -1172 | – | 5-7 | 5-7 | 5-7 | 5-7 |
HYDROXYL NO. | ASTM D -4252 | MgKOH/gr | 510-623 | 340-415 | 261-303 | 172-204 |
M.W | CALCULATED | Kg/Kmol | 180 -220 | 270-330 | 370-340 | 172-204 |
WATERCONTENT | BALLESTRA
B – Z6 |
WT.% | 0.5 MAX. | 0.5 MAX. | 0.5 MAX. | 0.5 MAX. |
Solid Form
Characteristic | Test Method | Unit | PEG-1000 | PEG – 2000 | PEG – 3000 | PEG – 4000 | PEG – 6000 |
MOLES OF EO | – | – | 22 EO | 45 EO | 72 EO | 93 EO | 152 EO |
APPEARANCE | VISUAL | – | WHITE PASTE | FLAKE | FLAKE | FLAKE | FLAKE |
VISCOSOTY@40°C | ASTM D – 445 | CSt | 36 – 40 | 80 – 100 | 150 – 210 | 260 – 360 | 600 – 900 |
PH | ASTM D – 1172 | – | 5 – 7 | 5 – 7 | 5 – 7 | 5- 7 | 5 – 7 |
HYDROXYL NO. | ASTM D – 4252 | mg KOH/gr | 106 – 119 | 51- 62 | 25.5 – 29.5 | 25 – 30 | 17- 22 |
M.W | CALCULATED | Kg/Kmol | 940 – 1060 | 1810 – 2200 | 2700 – 3300 | 3740 – 4480 | 5100 – 7000 |
WATER CONTENT | BALLESTRA B – Z6 | WT.% | 0.5 MAX. | 0.5 MAX. | 0.5 MAX. | 0.5 MAX. | 0.5 MAX. |
Liquid form of PEGs (200 to 1000) are packed in 220 lit (net: 200 Kg) drums, each 4 drum stepped of a pallet.
Solid form (up to PEG 1000) packed in Bag (net: 25 Kg) The PEG products have shelf life of 24 months
from the date of manufacture & maintained in adequate storage condition.
Shelf life of pharmacy grades is 12 months
PEG Shazand